Monday, December 21, 2020

CASTELO BRANCO DISTRICT - VILLAGES, CITIES AND INTERESTING PLACES

 

The Castelo Branco district is a Portuguese district belonging to the historic province of Beira Baixa, currently the Centro region (Beiras Region). It borders on the north with the district of Guarda, on the east with Spain, on the south, with the district of Portalegre, and with the district of Santarém and on the west with the district of Leiria and with the district of Coimbra. It comprises the sub-regions of Beira Interior Sul, Pinhal Interior Sul, and Cova da Beira. It has an area of ​​6 675 km² (4th largest Portuguese district) and a resident population of 196 264 inhabitants (2011). The capital of the district is the city of the same name, Castelo Branco.
Although the days are sunny in winter, it is cold at night. Summer is very hot.

The Castelo Branco district is dominated by three fundamental structures. The Tagus Valley region, to the south, is a vast region of moderate altitudes (between 200 and 400 m) and few orographic accidents. To the north, extends from the northeast to the southwest a second region, much more rugged, comprising the mountains of Alvelos, Muradal, Gardunha (1,227 m), and Malcata, which has its largest extension already in the district of Guarda. To the northwest of this area, the Cova da Beira corresponds to the valley of the river Zêzere and some of its tributaries. The western region of the district also follows the Zêzere valley, descending to it from the heights of Alvelos. Most of the southeastern part of the Serra da Estrela belongs to the district.

With the district fully integrated into the hydrographic basin of the Tagus River, the main rivers are, in addition to the Tagus itself, tributaries of this river or tributaries of the tributaries. The highlight goes, of course, to the Zêzere and its tributaries, especially the Paul river, the Meimoa river, and the Sertã river. Other relevant rivers are the Ocreza River, the Ponsul River, and the Erges River, which serves as a border with Spain for more than 40 km. All of these rivers flow more or less in the same direction, from northeast to southwest, except Erges, whose course is predominantly from north to south.

As for orography, the highest altitudes are located in the Serra da Estrela, with the district boundary being very close to the maximum altitude of the Portuguese continent (1 993 m). Also at the limits of the district are other high altitudes: the highest point of the Serra do Açor (1,418 m) is on the border with the district of Coimbra, and the second-highest elevation of the Serra da Malcata (1,072 m) is located bordering the district of Guarda, very close to Spain. Even in the interior of the district, the highest points are the summits of Gardunha (1,227 m), Alvelos (1,084 m), and Muradal (912 m).

Although the Castelo de Bode dam itself is outside the limits of the Castelo Branco district, its reservoir turns out to be the largest dammed extension in the district, even though there are several other dams in the Zêzere (Bouçã dam and Cabril dam), in the Tagus (Fratel dam in the Portuguese course and Embalse de Cedillo in the international Tagus) and other rivers and streams (Corgas dam in the Isna stream, Pisco dam in the Ramalhoso river, Meimoa dam in the Meimoa stream, Idanha dam and dam Penha Garcia in Ponsul and Toulica dam on the Aravil river.






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 SEARCH IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER 
IN THE DISTRICT OF CASTELO BRANCO